Bone Marrow Transplant Cost in India

Did you know bone marrow is important for our immune system? It is a type of tissue found in the centre of bones and produces stem cells responsible for strengthening our immune system. It is also the site of red and white blood cell production. Bone marrow transplant in India is typically used when someone needs to replace their bone marrow due to a genetic disorder, cancer, immune deficiency, or similar diseases. It can also be used to treat certain types of leukaemias and lymphomas or to treat aplastic anaemia. The success rate of bone marrow transplants in India is reportedly around 65-70%, depending on the condition being treated. The success rate is higher when the patient receives a transplant from a family member.

With India fast becoming a medical tourism hub, patients from all over the world visit the country to seek treatment for complicated diseases, ailments, and surgeries.

• Introduction of Bone Marrow Transplant Treatment
• Types of Bone Marrow Transplants
• Advantages of a Bone Marrow Transplant
• Preparations Required Before Bone Marrow Transplant Treatment
• Risks Associated with Bone Marrow Transplant Treatment
• Success Rate of Bone Marrow Transplant in India

What is a Bone Marrow Transplant?

A bone marrow transplant is a treatment in which a patient’s bone marrow is removed, processed, and replaced by donor marrow. In this procedure, stem cells from healthy bone marrow are transplanted into a person whose unhealthy bone marrow needs to be replaced. The transplanted stem cells can help the person’s body to produce healthy red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Bone Marrow Transplant in India treats many blood-related diseases, including leukaemia and lymphoma.

What are the Different Types of Bone Marrow Transplants?

Bone marrow produces stem cells that develop into blood cells, such as red and white blood cells and platelets. It also stores minerals, such as iron, and releases them into the bloodstream as needed. Depending on the method or approach towards bone marrow transplant, it is categorised into different types.

1. Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant

In this method, stem cells are harvested and preserved before radiation or chemotherapy. Once the therapy is complete, the stem cells are re-infused into the patient and start functioning as healthy cells. This process is often referred to as a "rescue transplant."

2. Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant

In this approach, stem cells are obtained from a donor, often a close relative such as a sibling. A match between the donor and recipient cells is crucial for the success of this transplant, which can be determined through a special test. If no suitable donor can be found within the patient's family, a search through bone marrow registries may be conducted.

3. Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant

This is a form of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in which stem cells are collected from the umbilical cord of a newborn baby and stored for later use. Due to immature cord blood cells, a perfect match is not always necessary. However, due to limited stem cells, the recovery of blood counts may take longer.

4. Syngeneic Transplant

This type of bone marrow transplantation is where stem cells are sourced from an identical twin. The compatibility between the donor and recipient is absolute, making the procedure highly effective. The process is similar to an allogeneic transplant and is a viable option for those who have identical twins.

What are the Advantages of a Bone Marrow Transplant?

With advancements in medical sciences and high-tech treatments, bone marrow transplant has become safer. Undergoing this treatment results in the following advantages -

• The speed of stem cell production post-transplant is faster with bone marrow transplants compared to cord blood transplants. However, the slow production of stem cells by bone marrow can increase the likelihood of developing complications.
• Bone marrow transplants can also be an option for obese patients as it often requires multiple units of cord blood, whereas bone marrow can be collected in larger quantities.
• Collecting multiple units of stem cells from bone marrow is possible, whereas cord blood donations typically only provide a single unit.
• Renewing the immune system and making it stronger to fight cancers like leukaemia which cannot be cured by radiation or chemotherapy.
• Bone marrow transplant prevents further damage from the genetic process in gene-related disorders like adrenoleukodystrophy and Hurler’s syndrome.

What Preparations Are Required Before Bone Marrow Transplant Treatment?

Before a bone marrow transplant, the physician will run a battery of tests and a thorough evaluation to determine the most suitable course of action. They will then locate a suitable donor, if necessary. If the individual's cells can be used, the cells will be harvested and securely stored in a freezer until the transplantation. The individual will then receive preparatory treatment, which may consist of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of both. Some of the major tests conducted before transplant are -

• HLA Typing
• Pulmonary Function Tests
• Sinus X-Ray
• Chest X-Ray
• 24-Hour Urine Examination
• PET, CT, and MRI scans
• Echocardiogram
• Infectious Disease Profiling
• Blood Work-up
• Bone Marrow Biopsy

These treatments are designed to eliminate cancer cells and bone marrow cells and suppress the individual's immune system, helping to reduce the likelihood of transplant rejection. During the preparation phase, the individual may need to stay in the hospital for 1-2 weeks, where a healthcare provider will insert a small catheter into one of their larger veins.

Preparing for Bone Marrow Transplant

Maintaining proper hydration levels and nourishing your body with a wholesome and nutrient-dense diet are crucial components. Consuming adequate calories and essential nutrients daily will play a crucial role in preserving your strength and resilience.

It is advisable to arrange various details before being admitted to the hospital, including securing medical leave from work or school, arranging care for dependents or pets, making transportation arrangements, gathering necessary personal items such as clothing, and reserving lodging near the hospital for accompanying family members, if necessary.

What are the Risks Associated with Bone Marrow Transplant Treatment?

Several elements determine the likelihood of a successful bone marrow transplant. These include the recipient's age, general well-being, and the illness being treated. The type of transplant and the compatibility of the donor marrow also play a role, as does the method of performing the transplant.

Prior radiation or chemotherapy treatment and the amount received can affect the results. It is important to remember that the potential for complications can vary for each person.

Some possible side effects of a bone marrow transplant may include the following:

• Changes in taste
• A persistent headache
• Low blood pressure
• Increased risk of fever
• Chest discomfort
• Nausea
• Hives
• Respiratory difficulties
• Chills

Potential serious consequences of a bone marrow transplant include:

• Graft-versus-host disease
• Increased vulnerability to infections
• Blood clotting in the liver
• Anaemia
• Graft failure
• Internal bleeding
• Development of cataracts
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increased risk of new cancers
• Early onset of menopause
• Mucositis, which causes soreness in the throat, stomach, and mouth

What is the Bone Marrow Transplant Cost in India?

The expenses incurred for a bone marrow transplant are subject to many considerations, including the modality of the transplant and the location in which it is carried out. After conducting the relevant examinations, your physician can furnish you with a cost projection. It's noteworthy that the cost of a bone marrow transplant in India is generally more economical compared to other nations.

The costs among medical institutions can fluctuate. Hence it's advisable to thoroughly research and secure multiple cost estimates from various healthcare providers before making a final choice. Nevertheless, it's crucial to ensure that the standard of medical treatment is not jeopardized in the pursuit of cost efficiency. Here is a tentative cost breakup of bone marrow transplants in India.

• Pre-Surgery Costs (Includes Basic Health Check and Physical Examination) - INR 4000 to INR 5000
• Specialised Bone Marrow Transplant Tests (Includes Doppler & CT Scan and Ultrasound Tests) - INR 10000
• Cost of Bone Marrow Transplant in India (Depends on the Type of Bone Marrow Transplant) - INR 1500000 to INR 4000000.
• Post Treatment Follow-Ups - INR 600 to INR 1000
• Immunosuppressant Injection Costs - INR 20000 to INR 25000
• Post-Surgery Treatment and Medicines - INR 10000 to INR 50000

(Costs may vary depending on multiple factors)

What Funding options are available for Bone Marrow Transplants in India?

Bone Marrow Transplant is a costly treatment. You can finance this treatment using different funding options without depleting your savings. Look at some major funding options available for Bone Marrow Transplants in India.

• Personal Finances: One of the most popular ways to finance a bone marrow transplant in India is through personal savings. Patients and their loved ones can utilize their saved funds to pay for the procedure's expenses.
• Loan Options: For those who don't have sufficient savings, a loan can be an alternative solution to finance their bone marrow transplant. Various loan alternatives are available, including personal, medical, and collateral-backed loans.
• Crowdfunding: Crowdfunding provides another funding option for bone marrow transplants in India. Patients and their families can start a crowdfunding campaign to collect funds from friends, relatives, and the wider community.
• Government Assistance: Some Indian government entities offer financial support to individuals undergoing bone marrow transplants. Patients can inquire about the availability of such support and avail of the schemes if they meet the eligibility criteria.

What is the Success Rate of Bone Marrow Transplants in India?

India boasts a remarkable success rate for bone marrow transplant procedures, with some of the finest medical institutions reporting success rates ranging from 60-90%. Expert medical personnel, cutting-edge infrastructure, and sophisticated medical technology all play a pivotal role in ensuring positive results for patients.

Those undergoing bone marrow transplants in India can anticipate a minimum hospital stay of 30 days and an additional 90-day period of observation within the country. The consistently high success rate of bone marrow transplants in India continues to draw a substantial number of medical tourists seeking cost-effective and exceptional-quality treatments.

Key Takeaways

Bone marrow transplantation is a complex and impactful medical procedure that necessitates proper preparation. It is of utmost importance that individuals seeking this treatment in India are well-versed in the procedure, the medical personnel, and the costs involved.

This gives them the information they need to make informed decisions and ensures they are financially prepared for the procedure. Planning for the financial aspect of a bone marrow transplant can be a daunting task. Still, it is crucial to consider all aspects of the procedure, such as hospital stays, medications, and other related expenses.

The timing of diagnosis and treatment is a significant determinant in the success of a bone marrow transplant. An early and accurate diagnosis followed by prompt and appropriate treatment greatly increases the chances of a successful outcome.

In brief, being well-informed, financially ready, and receiving timely diagnosis and treatment are critical elements in the success of a bone marrow transplant in India. By taking the necessary steps to address these aspects, individuals can significantly enhance their chances of a successful outcome and attain their goal of improved health and well-being.

If you plan to get bone marrow transplant treatment in India, connect with Adotrip, one of the best medical tourism platforms that take care of your transportation, accommodation during your hospital stay and recovery, and other treatment-related needs. Avail all services required under one roof and look forward to hassle-free treatment and recovery in India.

Frequently Asked Questions About Bone Marrow Transplant in India

Ques 1. Is it possible that a patient may not be eligible for a bone marrow transplant?
Ans 1. Yes, bone marrow transplantation may not be suitable for individuals not in good health to undergo the procedure. The transplant requires significant physical preparation, so doctors thoroughly assess each patient's health before deciding to proceed with the transplant. The procedure is considered serious, so only those deemed physically capable will be approved for the transplant.

Ques 2. Can I expect to return to my normal routine after the bone marrow transplant procedure?
Ans 2. The recovery timeline after a bone marrow transplant varies from person to person, but it typically takes at least a year. The doctors will monitor your progress and track the increase in your blood cell count and any symptoms you may experience. Once the transplant is successful and your body produces new stem cells, you can gradually resume your normal daily activities.

Ques 3. On what factors is the recovery of a bone marrow transplant patient in India dependent?
Ans 3. Several factors would influence the length of your recovery, including your age, health status, the type of transplant you received, any pre-transplant treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy, and the compatibility of the donor if you underwent an allogeneic transplant.

Ques 4. How long should one stay in the hospital after a bone marrow transplant?
Ans 4. A bone marrow transplant patient needs a minimum of 30 to 60 days of stay in the hospital after surgery. The length of stay also depends on the patient's medical conditions.

Ques 5. How long does a bone marrow transplant take?
Ans 5. The Bone Marrow Transplant is done after a couple of days of completing conditioning. The stem cells slowly pass into the patient’s body through the central line. The entire process may take a couple of hours. The procedure is not painful, and the patient is conscious or awake throughout.

Ques 6. What kind of anaesthesia is used during a bone marrow transplant?
Ans 6. Bone marrow donation is made under regional or general anaesthesia, so the patient is completely comfortable and experiences no pain during the collection procedure.

Ques 7. Are there any side effects for the donor during a bone marrow transplant?
A: Donors may face certain side effects like muscle or bone pain, flu or cold-like condition before collection. This happens due to injecting filgrastim injection. These side effects disappear after donation. Other common side effects noticed are trouble sleeping, nausea, and tiredness.

Ques 8. What is the success rate of Bone Marrow Transplants in India?
Ans 8. India boasts a remarkable success rate for bone marrow transplant procedures, with some of the finest medical institutions reporting success rates ranging from 60-90%. Expert medical personnel, cutting-edge infrastructure, and sophisticated medical technology all play a pivotal role in ensuring positive results for patients.